The Ukrainian famine-known as the Holodomor, a combination of the Ukrainian words for “starvation” and “to inflict death”-by one estimate claimed the lives of 3.9 million people, about 13 percent of the population. For many years the USSR denied the Great Famine, keeping secret the results of a 1937 census that would have revealed the extent of loss. Millions died during the Great Famine of 1932-1933. The Bolsheviks established a socialist state in the territory that was once the Russian Empire. Radical leftist revolutionaries overthrew Russia’s Czar Nicholas II, ending centuries of Romanov rule. The Soviet Union had its origins in the Russian Revolution of 1917. WATCH: Vladimir Lenin: Voice of Revolution on HISTORY Vault The Russian Revolution and the Birth of the Soviet Union
The United Socialist Soviet Republic, or U.S.S.R., was made up of 15 republics: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan.
The world’s first Marxist-Communist state would become one of the biggest and most powerful nations in the world, occupying nearly one-sixth of Earth’s land surface, before its fall and ultimate dissolution in 1991.
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